Posted by
CKHustler on Friday, July 09, 2010 9:43:02 PM
I have recently gone on a reading binge so Im going jot down some quick notes on the books I read, probably for as much my benefit as yours. I took notes for Liberal Fascism, but these I read while on vacation so I couldn't exactly do that. Better to get down the information before I lose it.
Road to Serfdom by FA Hayek
Capitalism uses the resources of everyone to the benefit of all. A businessman owning a steel company will know all about his area of expertise and act accordingly, while an owner of a coal mine will do likewise. However, a centralized economy dismisses these resources and allocates as the government sees fit. This is not only inefficient, but will likely cause much harm to many diverse markets. A single person, or even a single group of people cannot know all that is needed to run all markets at the same time. However, despite this glaring defect, we must step back to how a government of this kind comes along, for it isn't as obvious between the transition from capitalism to socialism.
Capitalism, as stated allows each person to spend and create as they see fit. Those arguing against capitalism usually clamor for a united front or plan for the economy to move forward with. Thus, with a plan in tow, the government must make decisions regarding this plan. With capitalism, no single plan can ever be decided on as people will be going their own way instead of following the plan. So socialism must regulate people into following a directed path set forth. To control a population, choices must be removed. In the transition from freedom to totalitarian, one by one markets are controlled until capitalism is no more. At this point we find ourselves in the above situation where the government cannot rule efficiently over the economy. The government cannot possibly take care of every situation and everyone suffers for it. They must make choices that eliminate markets and possible areas of prosperity because their plan does not include them. A planned economy cannot be everywhere are once, just as a single group of people cannot know everything the entirety of the population knows. They must focus and leave out all anything they find unimportant.
The basic idea of this entire book is that whether communism, fascism or socialism, a planned economy is always the basic idea of the movement. A planned economy cannot happen without removing freedoms. His arguments are much more solid than what I brought up here and this book is definitely a worthwhile read.
On Liberty by John Stuart Mill
This book has to do with liberty of the mind, more than anything else. You could say this is the first amendment spelled out in 100+ pages. If one cannot speak their mind, many things are lost that could be. First off, liberty of the person at hand cannot sustain unless everyone is allowed to speak their minds. Second, society loses out on the ideas that person may have. Third, any future minds with ideas that may go against the grain will remain silent and innovation will cease to exist. A society cannot grow without innovation, as, among others, the Chinese found out when they went into isolation. How much liberty a person is granted is another point of topic in this book, which goes over whether they are causing harm to others. For if they are not harming another, they should have all the freedom to express themselves.
Much of this book is common sense, but it is another point of view on the thought of freedom. It is not just about the individual, but society cannot survive without freedom for the people involved. A pretty good read, though it is very in-depth on a narrow topic.
Second Treatise of Government by John Locke
The book begins with a man and his rights while in a state of nature and in a state of war. Throughout the book Locke builds up the infrastructure around the person until a full government is surrounding him. A government cannot form unless under the consent of the governed, which did happen in this country. Whether in monarchy, or another form, the government does not have all reaching authority because the people did not granted it. No rational being would grant arbitrary power to a government, or any other being, for they will surely abuse it and do as they see fit to the people from with the power was granted.
It is clear this book was an inspiration to the founding fathers. Life, Liberty and pursuit of happiness are specifically listed in the book at rights of the people. They are collectively referred to property, which incidentally was the original 3rd right. The forms of government are not much discussed in this book as he uses examples that would work in all forms, yet the principles which the rights of the people fall under are put to action in the Constitution. This book is much like a 100+ page Declaration of Independence, from the tyrannical powers to the duty of the citizens to remove themselves from tyranny.
I recommend reading this book before reading the Federalist Papers to get a general idea of where the founders were going in their train of thought. It may help anyone understand what they were thinking while trying to implement certain laws and ideas.
The Real Ben Franklin
Ben Franklin started writing in his local paper at the age of 12 under Silence Dogood. He ran away from home at 17 to New York, then Philadelphia. After working in Philadelphia for a few years he was asked by the governor to move to England and start up a business overseas. As Franklin had no money the governor said he would front the money and it would meet him in England. Ben leaves, the money never comes and he makes do himself for a couple years. Ben returns from England, starts his own printing shop, marries, and begins some of his scientific experiments in his home. Whenever a public policy came up where he had a major opinion, he wrote about it in the paper, creating a name for himself. Ben rarely attended church, but he gave money to the church and kept a daily sin total of the 13 sins, where he kept track of one each week for 13 weeks, repeating the task 4 times throughout the year. Ben always preached keeping non-violent in all protests, even as the war started as he believed they would reconcile with the British in the end and the violence would create animosity between the two sides. While in Europe he feared his family wouldn't have enough funds, but many states soon elected him to represent them as well, which increased his pay considerably. He became a well known scientist in Europe for his experiments, such as on electricity and enabled him to join many of the scientific societies all around Europe. He founded the American Philosophical Society and became its first President well before the Revolutionary War. After the war he became governor of Pennsylvania until he resigned after 2 terms. He was at both the signing of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution for which he was very grateful. Of all the inventions he created, he never once took out a patent as be believed he should not benefit more just because God put the idea into his head.
The Real Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was a soft spoken guy without a temper...can you imagine a soft spoken person finding themselves as president today? He physically could not speak loudly for an extended period of time as his throat would swell up. He founded the University of Virginia and created the modern architecture found on colleges campuses today. His love of architecture pushed him to remodel much of his house numerous times. Before the war he was a tireless lawyer accepting hundreds of cases in a single year. During his time in the Virginia Assembly he attempted to reformed the criminal codes in Virginia, as well as securing religious freedom in Virginia. The Declaration of Independence is known as one of the most substantial pieces of writing in modern history. After the war he gave into public life and became governor of Virginia and diplomat to France, replacing Ben Franklin. Upon returning home he decided he would like to remove himself and live out his life with his family. Many of his kids died very early in their lives, with only 2 surviving past 20 and one outliving himself. His wife died when she was 33 and he was devastated, not leaving his room for weeks. With George Washington's urgings he accepted being Secretary of State, which brought about heated debates with Alexander Hamilton. He resigned his post after the first term looking to fall back to his farm for the remainder of his life. John Adams succeeded Washington, but Jefferson was second in votes despite not campaigning and he was forced into being Vice President. After seeing the Federalists usurping power he decided he had to act and ran against Adams for President. He and Aaron Burr tied, though only because of the election process, and everyone including the Federalists knew Jefferson was the will of the people. They tried holding up the process in the senate for the tie breaker. They even threatened to ignore the Constitution and elect a leader in the senate and deem him President, which Virginia quickly retorted it would take up arms if that occurred. Jefferson eventually took office. Much of his presidency is known from the Louisana Purchase to the Barbary Pirates war. He retired to Monticello in debt as he used his personal money while in office as President. Benjamin Rush mediated a reconciliation between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, which began the 14 year period of trading letters between the two. Like Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson never took out a patent on any of his inventions as he believed the world should benefit from them. He died on the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, as he wanted. His assets had to be sold to account for the debt accrued over his life.
Those last two biographies, I ran through giving an account of some main points. They are both very good about getting to know the founders. I still believe we wouldn't have the freedoms we do without Thomas Jefferson.
"All that is necessary for evil to
triumph is for good men to do nothing" Edmund Burke